Tirzepatide is a once-weekly injectable medication most popular for the treatment of obesity and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It belongs to a class of drugs known as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists also known scientifically as GLP-1 RAs.
Introduction
Are you tired of that belly fat that keeps haunting you even after those tireless hours in the gym? We introduce you to Tirzepatide, your perfect remedy for fixing that stubborn body mass index of yours.
The drug works by mimicking the action of a naturally occurring hormone called GLP-1, which helps regulate blood sugar levels.
What is Tirzepatide?
Tirzepatide was developed by Eli Lilly and Company, and clinical trials have evaluated its safety and effectiveness for human consumption ever since.
The drug was originally designed to provide both glucose-dependent insulin secretion and glucagon suppression, making it a dual GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide) and GLP-1 receptor agonist.
What is Type 2 Diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is often associated with lifestyle factors, including poor diet, lack of exercise, and obesity.
Weight gain and obesity are significant risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes.
In type 2 diabetes, the body’s cells become resistant to the effects of insulin, and the pancreas may not produce enough insulin. This leads to elevated blood sugar levels.
Tirzepatide – How Does it Work?
Tirzepatide is a dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Its mechanism of action involves interactions with two important hormones, GIP and GLP-1, which play key roles in glucose metabolism and insulin regulation.
Here’s a breakdown of how tirzepatide works:
1. GLP-1 Receptor Agonism:
GLP-1 is a hormone released by the intestine in response to food intake. It stimulates the release of insulin from the pancreas in a glucose-dependent manner, meaning it increases insulin secretion when blood sugar levels are elevated.
Tirzepatide mimics this action of GLP-1 by activating its receptors. This activation enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion, helping to lower blood sugar levels.{R}
2. GIP Receptor Agonism:
GIP is another hormone released by the intestine in response to food intake. It also stimulates insulin release from the pancreas but is less glucose-dependent compared to GLP-1.
Tirzepatide also acts as a GIP receptor agonist. This dual action on both GIP and GLP-1 receptors is unique to tirzepatide and is intended to provide additional benefits in terms of glucose regulation.{R}
3. Effects on Glucagon:
Tirzepatide is designed to suppress the release of glucagon, another pancreatic hormone. Glucagon typically increases blood sugar levels by promoting the release of glucose from the liver. By inhibiting glucagon, tirzepatide helps to reduce blood sugar levels.{R}
4. Weight Loss:
Tirzepatide is generally associated with body weight reduction which is mainly due to delayed gastric emptying, increased feelings of satiety, and a reduction in food intake.
Thus, tirzepatide, with its dual GIP and GLP-1 agonist activity, is expected to have an impact on body weight, potentially leading to weight loss.
Studies on the drug, including a recent one at the comprehensive weight control center, NY showed that the drug shows its best results when combined with a diet and exercise program. {R}
Tirzepatides – Benefits
The potential benefits of tirzepatide are related to its mechanism of action as a dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA).
These actions are intended to address various aspects of glucose metabolism and insulin regulation. Here are some potential benefits that were under investigation:
1. Improved Blood Sugar Control:
Tirzepatide helps lower blood sugar levels by increasing insulin release in response to elevated glucose levels and by reducing the secretion of glucagon, a hormone that raises blood sugar.{R}
2. Body Weight Management:
Tirzepatide, by combining actions on both GIP and GLP-1 receptors, has an impact on body weight, potentially leading to weight loss.
The extent of weight loss can vary among individuals, and as per clinical trial data, the average weight reductions are influenced by various factors, including baseline weight, individual metabolism, diet, and lifestyle.{R}
3. Cardiovascular Benefits:
Tirzipatide has shown cardiovascular benefits, including a potential reduction in the risk of cardiovascular events.{R}
4. Once-Weekly Administration:
The convenience of once-weekly dosing, as opposed to daily dosing, can enhance patient adherence to the treatment regimen.{R}
Tirzepatide – Side Effects
Common side effects associated with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), which tirzepatide falls under, include gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and constipation.
Moreover, injection site reactions can also occur as tirzepatide is administered via injection. However, in very rare cases, more serious adverse events such as chronic kidney disease can occur but most of them are related to personal or family history problems like nonalcoholic fatty liver disease or MTC (medullary thyroid carcinoma). Do not take tirzepatide in case you have any such family history.
Tirzepatide – Dosage
The starting dose for people with type 2 diabetes should ideally be 2.5 mg administered subcutaneously once a week. The dosage, however, may be increased to 5 mg subcutaneously once a week after 4 weeks.
In addition, after at least 4 weeks on the present dose, an additional increase of 2.5 mg can be made for glycemic control.
Please note that the maximum weekly dose of tirzepatide should not exceed 15 mg administered subcutaneously.
Tirzepatide V/s Semaglutide Comparison
Both are type 2 diabetes drugs often used for weight management. Doctors, these days, trust two excellent drugs for weight loss namely tirzepatide and semaglutide.
While both drugs work almost in the same mechanism in order to make the brain feel less hungry, there are some pointers in each of the drugs that make them stand out in their respective domains.
While Tirzepatide has an edge over its competitor with respect to weight loss, Semaglutide has the advantage of being more well-researched among the two.
Both drugs are prescription medicines approved for type 2 diabetes and weight loss comes as a positive side effect. So if you are looking for weight loss, Tirzepatide should be your go-to medicine.
However, one advantage of semaglutide is that it is offered as both oral pills and injections, whereas tirzepatide only comes in injection form. For more information on semaglutide click here.
Tirzepatide – Is it Legal?
Tirzepatide is currently only approved in the U.S. to treat diabetes, but it has posted impressive results in weight loss trials, and an obesity approval from the FDA could come as soon as this year.
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